Gitterangriffe auf RSA
Das Problem
Sei (N,e) ein öffentlicher RSA-Schlüssel, wobei N = pq. Der geheime
Schlüssel d erfüllt die Gleichung ed = 1 mod (p-1)(q-1). Ziel ist es, entweder den geheimen
Schlüssel d oder die Faktorisierung p, q für spezielle Parameterwahlen in
Polynomialzeit zu berechnen.
Bekannte Angriffe auf RSA
-
Wiener ('90)
zeigte, dass d aus dem öffentlichen Schlüssel (N,e) mittels
Kettenbruchalgorithmus berechnet werden kann, solange d < N 0.25.
Boneh und Durfee ('98) verbesserten diese Schranke auf d < N 0.292
mit Hilfe von Gittern.
- Boneh, Durfee und Frankel (1999) zeigten, dass Teilkenntnisse der Bits von d
genügen, um den Rest von d
in Polynomialzeit zu berechnen, solange
e < N 0.5.
Unsere Ergebnisse
- Das Berechnen des geheimen Schlüssels d ist
deterministisch Polynomialzeit-äquivalent zum Faktorisieren von N.
- Eine erweiterte Wiener-Attacke: Man kann geheime
Schlüssel auch dann in Polynomialzeit berechnen, wenn sie von der Form d = d1/d2
für kleine d1, d2 sind.
- RSA Moduli der Form N=p rq: Neue Angriffe mit Teilkenntnis der Bits von d oder von d mod (p-1).
- Neue Angriffe auf RSA mit Teilkenntnis der Bits von d oder von d mod (p-1) für große Werte von e.
- RSA mit Chinesischem Restsatz: Wenn die Primfaktoren p und q
unbalanciert sind und d mod (p-1) klein genug ist, dann kann die
Faktorisierung von N in Polynomialzeit gefunden werden.
- Alternative Gitterbasen für die Boneh-Durfee Attacke: Diese führen zu
einem vereinfachten Beweis der Schranke d < N 0.292
und in der Praxis zu verbesserten Angriffen.
Publikationen
Johannes Blömer, Alexander May:
A Tool Kit for Finding Small Roots of Bivariate Polynomials over the Integers
In Advances in Cryptology (Eurocrypt 2005), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3494, pp. 251-267, Springer-Verlag, 2005.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{BloemerMay05,
author = {Johannes Bl{\"o}mer AND Alexander May},
title = {A Tool Kit for Finding Small Roots of Bivariate Polynomials over the Integers},
year = {2005},
booktitle = {Advances in Cryptology (Eurocrypt 2005)},
pages = {251-267},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/toolkit.pdf}
}
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Matthias Ernst, Ellen Jochemsz, Alexander May, Benne de Weger:
Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA up to Full Size Exponents
In Advances in Cryptology (Eurocrypt 2005), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3494, pp. 371-386, Springer-Verlag, 2005.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{ErnstJochemszMayWeger05,
author = {Matthias Ernst AND Ellen Jochemsz AND Alexander May AND Benne de Weger},
title = {Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA up to Full Size Exponents},
year = {2005},
booktitle = {Advances in Cryptology (Eurocrypt 2005)},
pages = {371-386},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/pke.pdf}
}
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Alexander May:
Computing the RSA Secret Key is Deterministic Polynomial Time Equivalent to Factoring
In Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2004), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3152, pp. 213-219, Springer Verlag, 2004.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{May04b,
author = {Alexander May},
title = {Computing the RSA Secret Key is Deterministic Polynomial Time Equivalent to Factoring},
year = {2004},
booktitle = {Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2004)},
pages = {213--219},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/det.pdf}
}
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Alexander May:
Secret Exponent Attacks on RSA-type Schemes with Moduli N=p^rq
In Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography (PKC 2004), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2947, pp. 218-230, Springer-Verlag, 2004.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{May04a,
author = {Alexander May},
title = {Secret Exponent Attacks on RSA-type Schemes with Moduli N=p^rq},
year = {2004},
booktitle = {Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography (PKC 2004)},
pages = {218-230},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/prq.pdf}
}
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Johannes Blömer, Alexander May:
A Generalized Wiener Attack on RSA
In Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography (PKC 2004), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2947, pp. 1-13, Springer-Verlag, 2004.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{BloemerMay04,
author = {Johannes Bl{\"o}mer AND Alexander May},
title = {A Generalized Wiener Attack on RSA},
year = {2004},
booktitle = {Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography (PKC 2004)},
pages = {1-13},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/keys.pdf}
}
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Alexander May:
New RSA Vulnerabilities Using Lattice Reduction Methods
PhD thesis, University of Paderborn, 2003.
[BibTeX]@phdthesis{May03,
author = {Alexander May},
title = {New RSA Vulnerabilities Using Lattice Reduction Methods},
school = {University of Paderborn},
year = {2003},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/bp.pdf}
}
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Johannes Blömer, Alexander May:
New Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA
In Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2003), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2729, pp. 27-43, Springer Verlag, 2003.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{BloemerMay03,
author = {Johannes Bl{\"o}mer AND Alexander May},
title = {New Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA},
year = {2003},
booktitle = {Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2003)},
pages = {27--43},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/crypto03.pdf}
}
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Alexander May:
Cryptanalysis of Unbalanced RSA with Small CRT-Exponent
In Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2002), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2442, pp. 242-256, Springer Verlag, 2002.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{May02,
author = {Alexander May},
title = {Cryptanalysis of Unbalanced RSA with Small CRT-Exponent},
year = {2002},
booktitle = {Advances in Cryptology (Crypto 2002)},
pages = {242-256},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/crt.pdf}
}
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Johannes Blömer, Alexander May:
Low Secret Exponent RSA Revisited
In Cryptography and Lattice Conference (CaLC 2001), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2146, pp. 4-19, Springer-Verlag, 2001.
[BibTeX]@inproceedings{BloemerMay01a,
author = {Johannes Bl{\"o}mer AND Alexander May},
title = {Low Secret Exponent RSA Revisited},
year = {2001},
booktitle = {Cryptography and Lattice Conference (CaLC 2001)},
pages = {4-19},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
url = {http://www.cs.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/calc.pdf}
}
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